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Shohola train wreck
The Great Shohola train wreck occurred on July 15, 1864 during the American Civil War on the broad gauge Erie Railroad 1 miles () west of Shohola, Pennsylvania, killing at least 60 people. Aboard the 18 car train were 833 Confederate prisoners of war (many captured at the Battle of Cold Harbor〔http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?newsdate=5/10/2010&navigation=nextprior&category=ARTS&storyID=811771 Horror of Civil War train wreck still echoes - Times Union - Albany NY〕) and 128 Union guards from the Veteran Reserve Corps. The prisoners were being taken from Point Lookout, Maryland to newly constructed Camp Rathbun at Elmira, New York, built to house 10,000 inmates.〔http://www.paroute6.com/docs/history_warrior.pdf A warriors Road〕 They had begun their journey by steamer traveling along the Atlantic coast from Maryland to New Jersey. Here they were switched to railroad for the final to Elmira.〔http://explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=667 Civil War Prison Train Wreck〕
==Trains==
The prisoner's train, hauled by 30-ton wood-burning Engine 171〔http://www.angelfire.com/ny5/elmiraprison/boydarticle.html Elmira Prison Camp OnLine Library - Submitted Information - Chemung County Historical Journal - Shohola Train Wreck: Civil War Disaster by Joseph C. Boyd〕 was designated as an 'extra', meaning it ran behind a scheduled train which displayed warning flags giving right of way to the following 'extra'. However Engine 171 had been delayed leaving Jersey City until 6 a.m. while guards located missing prisoners and was further delayed en route so that it arrived at Port Jervis, four hours late.〔http://trainwreck.shohola.org/ Home Page of The Great Shohola Train Wreck of the U.S. Civil War〕 The next of the railroad was, and is, a single track snaking along the Delaware River through hardwood forest, and has many "blind" curves.〔 It passed through Sparrowbush, New York, and was travelling at a speed of when it reached Shohola Township in Pennsylvania at 2.50 p.m. Ahead at Lackawaxen the dispatcher was responsible for stopping all eastbound traffic until the 'extra' had passed through. But it had been more than four hours since the scheduled train had passed through that morning and when a coal train from the Hawley branch, bound for Port Jervis, stopped at Lackawaxen Junction with 50 loaded coal cars the dispatcher mistakenly allowed it through. Soon afterwards he received the message that the 'extra' had passed Shohola; but it was too late.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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